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Dissolution, Leaching, and Solvent Extraction of Rare Earth Elements (Cerium, Lanthanum, and Neodymium) from Chador-Malu Apatite Concentrate using Hydrochloric Acid

Mohammadizadeh, Erfan | 2025

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 58782 (07)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Materials Science and Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Sadrnezhad, Khatiboleslam; Youzbashi Zadeh, Hossein
  7. Abstract:
  8. Given the global significance and applications of rare earth elements (REEs), their extraction is of paramount importance. Extensive research has been conducted on the extraction of REEs from both primary and secondary sources. Alongside secondary sources, various minerals have been identified as primary sources of REEs. Apatite, produced as a byproduct of the Chador-Malu iron ore concentration plant and as the main product of the Esfordi phosphate plant, is rich in these elements. Currently, less research has been dedicated to REE extraction from apatite compared to other sources. Among all REEs, cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), and neodymium (Nd) exhibit high abundance and significance, and notably, their concentration in apatite is higher than other REEs. A critical challenge in REE extraction lies in their separation. Due to their similar chemical properties, their separation necessitates the selection of the most appropriate method. Based on conducted research, solvent extraction has emerged as the most suitable and widely applicable method for separation. Previous studies utilizing this method have employed various extractants such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid. This research aims to explore the solvent extraction method, this time using hydrochloric acid (HCl) as the leaching agent and TBP (tributyl phosphate) and D2EHPA (di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid) as extractants. Through numerous experiments designed using Design Expert 13 software, and by comparing the obtained results with previous research, the most efficient, high-yielding, and cost-effective conditions for the industrial-scale extraction and separation of cerium, lanthanum, and neodymium will be identified
  9. Keywords:
  10. Rare Earth Element ; Apatite ; Cerium ; Lanthanum ; Neodymium Oxide ; Solvent Extraction ; Hydrochloric Acid ; Tri-butyl Phoaphate ; Design Expert Software ; Diethyl Hexyl Phosphoric Acid (DEHPA)

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