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Synthesis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Biomass Using an Ionic Liquid Catalyst Supported on Halloysite Nanotubes

Soltani, Mohammad Hassan | 2025

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 58651 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Fotovat, Farzam; Sadjadi, Samahe
  7. Abstract:
  8. Three biomasses—pomegranate peel, quine peel, and almond hull—were used to synthesize 5-HMF with an ionic liquid catalyst supported on a halloysite nanotube. Initially, two catalysts were prepared using different methods, and their catalytic performance in 5-HMF production was evaluated. After identifying the more efficient catalyst, its structural and chemical properties were analyzed using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX, TGA, and BET techniques, all confirming the successful synthesis of the ionic liquid on the halloysite substrate. The three biomasses were then compared in terms of their 5-HMF yield, with pomegranate peel demonstrating the highest efficiency. The optimum reaction conditions for pomegranate peel were identified by response surface methods, indicating that a temperature of 117°C, a reaction time of 78 minutes, and a catalyst loading of 0.585 produced a yield of 56.02%. Additionally, the catalyst's recyclability was conducted, showing that it could be recycled up to five times without a significant loss in 5-HMF yield. Furthermore, the production process of 5-HMF was simulated using Aspen Plus, and it was determined that at 160 °C and a reaction time of 90.56 min, the 5-HMF yield reaches 62.1%.”
  9. Keywords:
  10. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) ; Ionic Liquids ; Halloysite ; Biomass ; Aspen HYSYS Software ; Fruit Peel

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