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Fabrication and Characterization of Scaffolds based on Bioactive Glass/β-Tricalcium Phosphate Coated with Chitosan Containing Antibiotic Drug by 3D Printing Method for use in Bone Tissue Engineering

Momeny, Mohammad Amin | 2025

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  1. Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
  2. Language: Farsi
  3. Document No: 58289 (06)
  4. University: Sharif University of Technology
  5. Department: Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
  6. Advisor(s): Yaghmaei, Soheila; Azami, Mahmoud
  7. Abstract:
  8. The aim of this study was to develop bioactive composite scaffolds based on β-tricalcium phosphate and bioactive glass 45S5 with controlled drug release capability for applications in bone infection repair. β-tricalcium phosphate, due to its favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability, was combined with bioactive glass 45S5, which stimulates bone regeneration, at a 50/50 weight ratio. Porous scaffolds were fabricated via 3D printing using the robocasting method to achieve precise control over microstructure and porosity. To enhance mechanical strength and eliminate residual polymer groups, sintering temperature optimization was performed, indicating that 1200°C was optimal for balancing mechanical strength and porosity preservation. To improve antimicrobial performance, the scaffolds were coated with a chitosan/vancomycin composite (0.5% w/v concentration), forming a uniform coating without pore blockage. Bioactivity tests in simulated body fluid showed that the coated scaffolds accelerated hydroxyapatite formation after 14 days. Additionally, degradation studies over 8 weeks revealed a controlled degradation pattern compatible with bone repair requirements. Drug release studies exhibited a biphasic profile, an initial burst release (~25-30% within 48 hours) to combat acute infection and a sustained release (~25-30% over 14 days) for long-term effects. Cytotoxicity tests confirmed favorable biocompatibility, with coated samples showing %72 ± 4.92 cell viability after 5 days. Antibacterial assays recorded a 19 mm inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus (compared to 22 mm for gentamicin). This study demonstrates that the designed composite scaffold, combining optimal mechanical properties, high bioactivity, and controlled drug release, is a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering, particularly in infection-associated cases
  9. Keywords:
  10. B-Tricalcium Phosphate ; Bioactive Glass ; Three Dimentional Printing ; Chitosan ; Vancomycin Antibiotic ; Bone Tissue Engineering ; Composite Scaffold ; Controlled Release

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