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Biocompatible chitosan/starch/graphene quantum dots/titanium dioxide nanocomposite: a stimuli-responsive, porous nanocarrier for prolonged quercetin delivery in lung cancer treatment

Tahamtan, S ; Sharif University of Technology | 2024

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  1. Type of Document: Article
  2. DOI: 10.1007/s12668-024-01461-6
  3. Publisher: 2024
  4. Abstract:
  5. Quercetin (QC), a naturally occurring antioxidant, has demonstrated potential in the prophylaxis and therapy of various cancer types. Despite its biocompatibility and minimal side effects, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by its low physicochemical stability, poor solubility, and suboptimal bioavailability. This study proposes a novel approach to address these limitations and augment the pharmacokinetics of QC, specifically its half-life and overall delivery efficacy. The W/O/W was employed to load QC into a chitosan (CS)/Starch/graphene quantum dots (GQDs)/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite, serving as a stimuli-responsive nanocarrier. The CS/Starch hydrogel was synthesized via a physical crosslinking process to optimize biocompatibility. Subsequently, GQDs and TiO2 were incorporated to induce porosity within the system. The porosity was examined pre and post QC integration using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The successful incorporation of QC and the crystalline properties of the resultant drug-loaded nanocomposite, CS/Starch/GQDs/TiO2@QC, were confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, respectively. Morphological evaluations were conducted using zeta potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to ascertain the size, stability, and homogeneity of the nanoparticles. The encapsulation and loading efficiencies, along with release kinetics, were assessed under varying pH (5.4 and 7.4) and temperature (37 °C and 42 °C) conditions. The results indicated Fickian diffusion as the primary QC release mechanism, exhibiting stimuli-responsive behavior. The cytotoxicity of the CS/Starch/GQDs/TiO2@QC nanocomposite was evaluated against the A549 cell line using the MTT assay, demonstrating enhanced cytotoxicity compared to QC alone. In light of these findings, the study advocates for the use of the CS/Starch/GQDs/TiO2 nanocomposite as a biocompatible, porous, and stimuli-responsive nanocarrier for the sustainable delivery of QC in lung cancer therapy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024
  6. Keywords:
  7. Graphene quantum dots ; Lung cancer ; Stimuli-sensitive drug delivery system ; Biochemistry ; Biocompatibility ; Biological organs ; Cell culture ; Cellulose ; Chitosan ; Controlled drug delivery ; Diseases ; Field emission microscopes ; Nanocomposites ; Nanocrystals ; Phenols ; Porosity ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Semiconductor quantum dots ; Targeted drug delivery ; Acetic acid ; Antioxidant ; Gadolinium ; Graphene ; Hydrogel ; Lactate dehydrogenase ; Nanocarrier ; Nanocomposite ; Nanoparticle ; Phosphate buffered saline ; Polymer ; Polyvinyl alcohol ; Quantum dot ; Quercetin ; Starch ; Drug-delivery systems ; Nanocarriers ; Naturally occurring ; Porous nanocarrier ; Side effect ; Stimuli-responsive ; Stimuli-sensitive ; Stimulus-sensitive ; Stimulus-sensitive drug delivery system ; A-549 cell line ; Adsorption ; Antineoplastic activity ; Antioxidant activity ; Apoptosis ; Bioavailability ; Black cumin ; Brunauer Emmett Teller method ; Bulk density ; Cancer therapy ; Cell viability ; Centrifugation ; Controlled study ; Cross linking ; Crystal structure ; Cytotoxicity ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Diffusion ; Dispersity ; Drug delivery system ; Drug release ; Drug synthesis ; Emulsion ; Encapsulation ; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ; Fetal bovine serum ; Fever ; Field emission scanning electron microscopy ; Fourier transform ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Freeze drying ; Human ; Human cell ; Hyperpyrexia ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Isotherm ; Light scattering ; Micelle ; MTT assay ; Nanoemulsion ; Nanoencapsulation ; Particle size ; PH ; Pharmacokinetics ; Photon correlation spectroscopy ; Pyrolysis ; Salt stress ; Temperature ; Vapor pressure ; X ray diffraction ; Zeta potential ; Titanium dioxide
  8. Source: BioNanoScience ; Volume 14, Issue 3 , 2024 , Pages 2491-2508 ; 21911630 (ISSN)
  9. URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12668-024-01461-6