Examining the Problem of Values Management in Science

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بررسی مساله مدیریت ارزش ها در علم

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Type of Document: M.Sc. Thesis
Language: Farsi
Document No: 58046 (42)
University: Sharif University of Technology
Department: Philosophy of Science
Advisor(s): Taqavi, Mostafa
Abstract:
The work of philosophers of science and the crises that science faces indicate that scientific theories are not based exclusively on facts. If this claim is accepted, then attention to other factors influencing the formation of scientific theories becomes important. One of these factors is values. If values are involved in science, the question arises as to how values can be managed in science to prevent their inappropriate effects on science. The aim of this research is to examine some of the existing answers to this question. To this end, we first address the value-free ideal of science, as one of the oldest suggestions, and show why this ideal cannot be a suitable solution. Then, the axiological, consequentialist, functionalist, systemic, and norm-based approaches are examined, and the reasons for their failure to answer this question are explained. Finally, it is noted that although it is still not possible to give an appropriate answer to the issue of managing values in science, an effective step can be taken in this field by informing scientists and the general public about how values affect science
Keywords:
Value-Free Science ; Norm-Based Approach ; New Demarcation Problem ; Managing Values in Science

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