Sharif Digital Repository

Advances in computing and networking areas lead to advent of malwares with new and sophisticated features. One of these type of malwares are environment sensitive malwares which behave differently when finding out specific signs in the execution environment. They first was considered and defined in the context of malware analysis systems; meaning that these types of malwares stop their malicious behavior when detecting analysis machine as their execution environment. In this way they could challenge and evade analysis process. Afterwards, the domain of environment sensitive malwares went beyond the analysis systems and covered all environmental sensitivities which hinder the progress of... 

Among disasters, outbreaks of pandemics account for excessive human and material damages,including a significant number of deaths. During any pandemic and once an or a set of effective vaccines have been identified/produced, governments all around the world enter a crucial phase when a crucial demand for an effective global vaccination campaign arises to vaccinate the population to stop/avoid the disease, knowing that the vaccines are not immediately available and may even become available with considerable delays (i.e., delivery and validation delays). Therefore, such phase of a pandemic is very crucial to identify and produce effective vaccines as well as to globally and equitably... 

This study aims to develop a mathematical model for the equitable distribution of the drug or vaccine needed in a critical situation like the COVID-19 epidemic. This study has taken a unique look at the human dimension of social issues such as the cost of deprivation and equality. It seeks to ensure a fair vaccine distribution among priority groups and affected areas. Thus, it has developed a mixed-integer programming model to minimize distribution costs in the cold chain to reduce the social costs of the crisis while reducing logistical costs such as transportation, scarcity, and maintenance costs. To do this, we considered a three-tier chain consisting of a supplier, distributor, and...