Sharif Digital Repository

In recent years, the growing research on time-varying linear media has enabled the emergence of novel and versatile wave propagation phenomena that offer significant advantages over conventional static structures. Electromagnetic effects such as non-reciprocity and isolation without the need for magnetic bias field and with optical integration capabilities, frequency conversion without the need for nonlinear elements, and parametric amplification are among the key breakthroughs in this field. These phenomena arise from the interaction of electromagnetic waves with media whose fundamental parameters—namely permittivity, permeability, or electrical conductivity—vary in time. Most existing...