Sharif Digital Repository

Clustering has become an increasingly important task in modern application domains. Targeting useful and relevant information on the World Wide Web is a topical and highly complicated research area. Clustering techniques have been applied to categorize documents on web and extracting knowledge from the web. In this paper we propose novel clustering algorithms based on Harmony Search (HS) optimization method that deals with web document clustering. By modeling clustering as an optimization problem, first, we propose a pure HS based clustering algorithm that finds near global optimal clusters within a reasonable time. Then we hybridize K-means and harmony clustering to achieve better... 

On the afternoon of October 14, 2020, we serendipitously discovered a novel “valley-hill” structure on the surface of a Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) after mixing it with a solution of tangerine peel extract (L) in the laboratory. This unexpected observation led to the formation of channels within the MOF surface and significantly improved release performance, particularly with doxorubicin (DOX). The unique valley-hill morphology and the resultant channels facilitated exceptional DOX diffusion into the MOF's porosity. Building on this structure, we systematically engineered the A520 (aluminum fumarate) MOF using green chemistry methodologies in a dual-stage process, incorporating L as a... 

Herein, in a one-pot method, the reduced graphene oxide layers with the assistance of multiwalled carbon nanotubes were decorated to provide a suitable space for the in situ growth of CoNi2S4, and the porphyrins were incorporated into the layers as well to increase the sensitivity of the prepared nanostructure. The prepared nanocomposite can establish π–π interactions between the genetic material and on the surface of porphyrin rings. Also, hydrogen bonds between genetic domains and the porphyrin’ nitrogen and the surface hydroxyl groups are probable. Furthermore, the potential donor–acceptor relationship between the d7 transition metal, cobalt, and the genetic material provides a suitable... 

Correction to: Scientific Reports, published online 23 March 2021 The original version of this Article contained errors in the Results section resulting from an incomplete revision of the text to reflect changes in the figures during review. Figure legends and the Results section were corrected accordingly. As a result, in the Results section, under the subheading ‘In situ and real-time monitoring of hydrogen peroxide from the living cell’, the original legend of Figure 4 “Fluorescent image of the cells seeded on the nanocomposite after 16 h, for HEK-293 cell line (a,b) and PC12 cell line (c,d). (b,d) represents the fluorescence image after + 1 s after (a,c) captures. Fluorescence emission... 

With the passage of time and more advanced societies, there is a greater emergence and incidence of disease and necessity for improved treatments. In this respect, nowadays, aptamers, with their better efficiency at diagnosing and treating diseases than antibodies, are at the center of attention. Here, in this review, we first investigate aptamer function in various fields (such as the detection and remedy of pathogens, modification of nanoparticles, antibiotic delivery and gene delivery). Then, we present aptamer-conjugated nanocomplexes as the main and efficient factor in gene delivery. Finally, we focus on the targeted co-delivery of genes and drugs by nanocomplexes, as a new exciting... 

The overall success in launching discovered drugs is tightly restricted to the high rate of late-stage failures, which ultimately inhibits the distribution of medicines in markets. As a result, it is imperative that methods reliably predict the effectiveness and, more critically, the toxicity of medicine early in the drug development process before clinical trials be continuously innovated. We must stay up to date with the fast appearance of new infections and diseases by rapidly developing the requisite vaccinations and medicines. Modern in vitro models of disease may be used as an alternative to traditional disease models, and advanced technology can be used for the creation of... 

The reason for the increasing bioavailability and biocompatibility of the porous nanomaterials in the presence of different (bio)molecules is still unknown. The role of difference functional groups and their interactions with the potential bioavailability and biocompatibility is of great importance. To investigate the potential contribution of the electronic effects (especially on the surface of the porous nanomaterials) on their biomedical behavior, a series of surface-decorated green ZnCr-layered double hydroxide (LDH) porous nanocarriers is developed as a non-viral vector. Different conjugations investigated these porous LDHs for optimizing and minimizing the cytotoxicity for targeted... 

The authors regret that the figure 4 caption is not correct and should be changed to: Fig. 4. The antibacterial results of synthesized compounds. A, C, E, and G represent for E. coli bacteria, and B, D, F, and H represent for S. aureus bacteria. (I) Diagram of the inhibition zone of the sample against the E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The control data for bacteria treated with Water, Penicillin, Gentamicin, and Ampicillin are adapted with permission from our previous work [1]. Inhibition zone results (mm) for control groups are: Ampicillin (E. coli): 4; Ampicillin (S. aureus): 0; Penicillin (E. coli): 9; Penicillin (S. aureus): 3; Gentamicin (E. coli): 23; Gentamicin (S. aureus): 25; Water... 

This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies, emphasizing the need for reliable and user-friendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection. In addition, examines key strategies for designing glucose sensors that are multi-functional, reliable, and cost-effective in a variety of contexts. The unique features of effective diabetes management technology are highlighted, with a focus on using nano/biosensor devices that can quickly and accurately detect glucose levels in the blood, improving patient treatment and control of potential diabetes-related infections. The potential of next-generation wearable and touch-sensitive... 

3D bioprinting is an advanced technology combining cells and bioactive molecules within a single bioscaffold; however, this scaffold cannot change, modify or grow in response to a dynamic implemented environment. Lately, a new era of smart polymers and hydrogels has emerged, which can add another dimension, e.g., time to 3D bioprinting, to address some of the current approaches’ limitations. This concept is indicated as 4D bioprinting. This approach may assist in fabricating tissue-like structures with a configuration and function that mimic the natural tissue. These scaffolds can change and reform as the tissue are transformed with the potential of specific drug or biomolecules released for... 

This review explores glucose monitoring and management strategies, emphasizing the need for reliable and user-friendly wearable sensors that are the next generation of sensors for continuous glucose detection. In addition, examines key strategies for designing glucose sensors that are multi-functional, reliable, and cost-effective in a variety of contexts. The unique features of effective diabetes management technology are highlighted, with a focus on using nano/biosensor devices that can quickly and accurately detect glucose levels in the blood, improving patient treatment and control of potential diabetes-related infections. The potential of next-generation wearable and touch-sensitive... 

3D bioprinting is an advanced technology combining cells and bioactive molecules within a single bioscaffold; however, this scaffold cannot change, modify or grow in response to a dynamic implemented environment. Lately, a new era of smart polymers and hydrogels has emerged, which can add another dimension, e.g., time to 3D bioprinting, to address some of the current approaches’ limitations. This concept is indicated as 4D bioprinting. This approach may assist in fabricating tissue-like structures with a configuration and function that mimic the natural tissue. These scaffolds can change and reform as the tissue are transformed with the potential of specific drug or biomolecules released for... 

Biocompatible and bioactive carbon-based nanocomposites are ingeniously designed and fabricated with the aim of enhancing drug delivery applicability in breast cancer treatment. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are utilized as nanocarriers for increasing penetrability into cells and the loading capacity. What sets our study apart is the strategic incorporation of the two different complexes of silver (AgL2) and palladium (PdL2) with the carboxamide-based ligand C9H7N3OS (L), which have been synthesized and decorated on nanocarriers alongside doxorubicin (DOX) for stabilizing DOX by π-π interactions and hydrogen bonding. Although DOX is a well-known... 

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely used as porous nanomaterials for different applications ranging from industrial to biomedicals. An unpredictable one-pot method is introduced to synthesize NH2-MIL-53 assisted by high-gravity in a greener media for the first time. Then, porphyrins were deployed to adorn the surface of MOF to increase the sensitivity of the prepared nanocomposite to the genetic materials and in-situ cellular protein structures. The hydrogen bond formation between genetic domains and the porphyrin’ nitrogen as well as the surface hydroxyl groups is equally probable and could be considered a milestone in chemical physics and physical chemistry for biomedical... 

The present study proposed an innovative nanocomposite aimed at enhancing gene and drug delivery for cancer treatment. The nanocomposite was composed of amine-functionalized metal–organic frameworks, (NH2)-MIL-125(Ti), conjugated to poly(aniline-co-para-phenylenediamine), and coated on manganese ferrite nanoparticles that were utilized to co-deliver the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) and plasmid CRISPR (pCRISPR) to cancer cells. The investigation focused on whether surface modification with amine groups could improve cellular uptake and transfection efficiency. In addition, the study also utilized an engineered cell-imprinted substrate to mimic the cellular environment and enhance the... 

Recent Advances in the Development and Applications of Smart Biomaterials. Stimuli-responsive materials possess the unique capability to respond to internal triggers, such as biological signals like glucose, pH, and temperature, as well as external stimuli including light, pressure, electricity, and magnetic fields. The biomedical community is showing immense interest in these materials due to their potential for diverse applications in various active structures and devices, including drug delivery systems, gene carriers, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, bioimaging, and biosensing. This book's primary objective is to provide an overview of the different types of stimuli-responsive... 

Using multiple antennas at the transmit and receive sides of a passive radar brings both the benefits of MIMO radar and passive radar. However one of the obstacles arisen in such configuration is the receive antennas placement in proper positions so that the radar performance is improved. Here we just consider the case of positioning one receiver among multiple illuminators of opportunity. Indeed it is a start for the solution of optimizing the geometry of the multiple receivers in a passive radar  

SbCl3 supported on montmorillonite K-10 is an efficient catalyst for the ring opening of epoxides with aromatic amines under solvent-free conditions and microwave irradiation to give the corresponding b-amino alcohols in high yields with high regioselectivity  

In this paper, we consider an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system with wireless power transfer (WPT) where an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based radar serves a group of energy-limited communication users in addition to its sensing functionality. In this architecture, the radar senses the environment in phase 1 (namely sensing phase) and mean-while, the communications users (nodes) harvest and store the energy from the radar transmit signal. The stored energy is then used for information transmission from the nodes to UAV in phase 2, i.e., uplink phase. Performance of the radar system depends on the transmit signal as well as the receive filter; the energy of the transmit...