Sharif Digital Repository

In multi-tower heliostat fields, although heliostats are capable of aiming at different receivers during the day, due to different orientations, neighboring heliostats might affect shading and blocking efficiency of each other reciprocally. In the proposed method of this paper, considering the mentioned effects and based on a group decision-making approach, each heliostat chooses the best receiver thus ensuring the highest possible instantaneous efficiency of the field. As a case study, this method is applied for the optimal design of a multi-tower field. Then, the field performance is simulated in a case where heliostats make decisions individually without considering the interactions.... 

A hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method was used to prepare Fe-Cr thin film on Si substrate. The produced layers were used as catalysts for growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from liquid petroleum gas (LPG) at 825 °C by thermal CVD (TCVD) method. To characterize the obtained catalysts or CNTs, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used. CNTs were grown on HFCVD derived Fe-Cr catalyst with the LPG as carbon source successfully. It was found that an annealing process on catalysts enhances the surface concentration of Cr atoms and reduces the sizes of catalyst particles. The... 

In real-time packet-based communication systems, one major problem is misrouted or delayed packets which results in degraded perceived voice quality. If packets are not available on time, the packet is known as lost packet. The easiest task of a network terminal receiver is to replace silence for the duration of lost speech segments. In a high quality communication system, to avoid quality reduction due to packet loss, a suitable method and/or algorithm is needed to replace the missing segments of speech. In this paper, we introduce a low order recursive linear prediction method for replacement of lost speech segment. In this method a normalized least mean square (NLMS) as an adaptive filter... 

The study was carried out to assess the fatty acid profile of oat oil and its utilization in cookies to enhance their nutritional and sensorial characteristics. The fatty acid profile of oat oil revealed a high percentage of palmitic (16.38%), oleic (37.43%), and linoleic acid (40.60%) while a minute quantity of linolenic acid (1.30%) was obtained in oat oil. Cookies made with up to 50% oat oil substitution received the highest ratings for their physical and sensory qualities and were chosen for additional fatty acid profiling. The addition of oat oil improved the sensorial properties of developed cookies significantly (p < 0.05). The fatty acid characterization of the selected treatment... 

In this study a hot filament chemical vapour deposition (HFCVD) technique was used to prepare Fe-Cr films on Si substrate as catalysts for thermal CVD (TCVD) growing of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from liquid petroleum gas (LPG) at 800 °C. To characterize the catalysts or CNTs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used. The XPS spectra obtained at different stages of Ar+ sputtering revealed that in the depth of catalyst layers, the relative Fe-Cr concentrations are higher than the top-surface. SEM images of samples after TCVD indicate a significant CNT growing at the backside of catalyst... 

TCVD growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was reported by catalytic decomposition of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at a temperature range of 580800 °C. Laser ablation was employed as a simple and rapid technique to produce Pd nanoparticles which possess effective catalytic activities for CNT synthesis. UVvisible spectroscopy and TEM images confirmed that the Pd nanoparticles are stable for a long time and have rather spherical shape with average size of 7 nm. SEM and TEM observations and Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that the CNTs have a wavy structure, dense morphology and acceptable crystallinity. Since Pd nanoparticles are inactivated or agglomerated at extremes of the... 

Enzymes are popular catalysts with many applications, especially in industry. Biocatalyst usage on a large scale is facing some limitations, such as low operational stability, low recyclability, and high enzyme cost. Enzyme immobilization is a beneficial strategy to solve these problems. Bioinformatics tools can often correctly predict immobilization outcomes, resulting in a cost-effective experimental phase with the least time consumed. This study provides an overview of in silico methods predicting immobilization processes via a comprehensive systematic review of published articles till 11 December 2022. It also mentions the strengths and weaknesses of the processes and explains the... 

Ni-Si mixed oxide nanocomposite was prepared by co-precipitation method with Ni(NO 3) 2 ·6H 2O and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) at pH = 10.5 under reflux condition for 6 days. It was then used as a catalyst for the formation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by CVD procedure. Characterization of the catalyst and the CNTs was carried out using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that Ni-Si mixed oxides nanorods with the average diameter of 3 to 4 nm play a key role in CNTs formation  

Heat transport features of a dusty fluid flow within a resistive porous medium are numerically interpreted under the magnetohydrodynamic environment. Fluid and dust phase characteristics are overlooked against the preeminent parameters. The main concern, in this work, is to analyze how much the resistive porous media affects the dusty flow in the presence of Lorentz force. The use of convection boundary conditions will aid attain the desired heat transfer rate in engineering applications. The nonlinear partial differential equations governing the fluid and dust phase are transmuted into a system of coupled and highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations which are first discretized using... 

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were synthesized by co-deposition of RF-sputtering and RF-PECVD from acetylene gas and Au target on the carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNTs were prepared by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD) and Pd nanoparticles catalyst. TEM image shows that high-density and uniform distribution of Au NPs were grown on the CNTs. XRD analysis indicates that Au NPs have fcc crystal structure and CNTs have a good graphite structure. Raman spectroscopy results suggest that our sample includes double-walled CNTs. It is resulted that intensity of D-band reduces and G-band intensity raises and radial breathing mode (RBM) is changed by immobilizing of Au NPs on the CNTs. Raman... 

In this paper, the impacts of Maxwell nanoliquid transmission, rectangular with titanium oxide nanoparticles are explored over the triangular, chamfer blades. The innovation of this paper is the use of the number of chamfers, rectangular, and triangular blades at the top and bottom of a stretched plate to study physical nanofluid parameters such as temperature and the effects of magnetism. Also, by determining the appropriate height and length for the blades, we achieve the best optimization of temperature and velocity of nanofluid between the plate and the blades, which improves heat transfer and with a more and better effect of magnetic effects. The finite element method is utilized for... 

This paper investigates the flow of blood through a slanted stenosed artery beneath the impact of a magnetism field. The equations that control the behavior of blood use a type of derivative called Caputo Fabrizio time fractional derivatives. These equations explain that blood acts like a non-Newtonian Casson fluid. The objective of this study is to explore the governing equations of blood flow in a narrow artery by utilizing Caputo Fabrizio fractional derivatives. Using the Laplace and limited Hankel changes of arrange zero, expository arrangements for the overseeing conditions have been inferred. Using the Akbari Ganji method, simple math problems have been solved and transformed into...