Sharif Digital Repository

Proton therapy is an advanced method of cancer treatment that has the ability to provide better protons than other radiation therapy methods. Even though the charged particles have superior characteristics and their biological properties are more than the deviations in treatment design. In order to check the uncertainties in hadron therapy and reduce the side risks, there is a need for methods to monitor the range during radiation therapy. Considering that the charged particles are in the tissue, the monitoring method should be able to collect the secondary particles produced during the interaction of the primary beam with the tissue. Currently, positron emission tomography (PET) is the only... 

A novel internetworking paradigm, software-defined exchange (SDX), allows multiple independent administrative domains to share computing, storage, and networking resources. Although the term SDX is very recent, the concept has already been used by many distinct disciplines.We argue that the advent of Software Defined Networking (SDN) provides a unique opportunity to effectively detect and contain network security problems such as DDoS attacks. DDoS attacks can easily exhaust the controller's or the switches' computing and communication resources and hence, breakdown the network within a short time. In this thesis we extend these functionalities with an efficient, scalable and light weight... 

Reservoir simulation is a useful tool for efficient reservoir management and protective exploitation of non-renewable hydrocarbon resources as the main supplier of development programs in the country. Due to the nature of underground hydrocarbon reservoirs, the simulation faces several challenges, both in rock and fluid parts. These challenges should be overcome in order to provide reliable results from simulations. One of the major challenges pertaining to rock, is large discontinuous variations accompanied by anisotropy of rock permeability fields which causes numerous problems when governing equations are solved numerically. A viable numerical procedure shall account for complex reservoir... 

Focusing on developing the EEPS (Energy Electric and Power System) based on the SG (Smart Grid) infrastructure to achieve implementation of EI (Energy Internet) ultimately, in order to analyze and manage the energy/power consumption, requires a robust embedded EMS (Energy Management System) to implement real-time LF (Load Forecasting), prevent the power waste and realize consumption management which eventually leads toward the smart industries/buildings. STLF (Short Term Load Forecasting) is an essential component that an industrial plant requires to manage the power, regarding the load fluctuations during production, and compulsory requirement of cost mitigation. This thesis, in order to... 

Different parts of this research are focused on developing FO membranes and improving their performance. For this purpose, thin film composite (TFC) membranes with fixed composition of polyethersulfone/polyamide (PES/PA) have been used to investigate the effect of nanocomposites containing transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) on their performance. The support layer in all cases is PES, which is prepared through the phase inversion process and does not contain any nanofillers. The modification process takes place in the polyamide layer by dispersing the desired nanoparticles in the aqueous monomer solution necessary to form this active layer. Identification and characterization of... 

The first part of this thesis describes the synthesis and characterization of several Mn, Fe and Mo complexes containing tridentate Schiff base and oxazoline ligands and their reactivities as catalysts in the oxidation of organic compounds like olefins and sulfides, as well. The crystal structures of newly prepared cis-dioxo-bis[2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-oxazolinato]molybdenum(VI), cis-[MoO2(phox)2] and (N-hydroxyphenyl-salicylidenamine)(acetylacetonato)ethanol iron(III), [FeIII(N-OPh-sal)(acac)EtOH] complexes have been described by X-ray crystallography. Due to the difficulties in the preparation of suitable single crystals of novel... 

This thesis deals with the front-End of an Integrated RFID Reader operated in 860MHz to 960MHz, which integrates a RF transceiver including PA, LNA and Mixer. In the receiver part, a power amplifier was fabricated and measured and in the transmitter part, LNA and Mixer were designed. There is a growing interest in utilizing CMOS technologies for RF power amplifiers (PAs). Although several advances have been made recently to enable full integration of PAs in CMOS, it is still among the most difficult challenges in achieving a truly single-chip radio system in CMOS. This is exacerbated by supply voltage reduction due to CMOS technology scaling and on-chip passive losses due to the conductive... 

Inert gold become catalytically active when dispersed in the form of nanoparticles. Isolated gold nanoparticles have demonstrated high catalytic activity for both oxidation and reduction reactions. In order to obtain high catalytic activity, gold nanoparticles are generally dispersed on support materials, among which oxides are commonly used. However, a substantial decrease in activity and selectivity of the immobilized catalysts is frequently observed due to the heterogeneous nature of these support materials in reaction media. In the course of our study on the metal-based catalysis for synthesis of organic compounds, we herein report that rod-shaped Au nanoparticles in aqua solution... 

The 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-oxazoline ligand (Hphox) is generated from 1:1 condensation of methyl salicylate with 2-aminoethanol. Novel [Ru(Hphox)2(H2O)2] (Hphox = 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-oxazoline ) complex has been synthesized and characterized by physic-chemical methods. Oxidation of sulfides catalyzed by the mixed-ligand ruthenium(II) complex [Ru(Hphox)2(H2O)2]using urea-hydrogen peroxide (UHP) as oxidant was investigated under mild condition within 1 h. The results showed that mixed-ligand ruthenium(II) complex was effective catalyst in oxidation of sulfides in whichsulfoxideswere the only products. Using this catalytic system in the oxidation of alkanes, ketones were obtained as the main... 

In this work, synthesized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles andcoated with SiO2 to prepare magnetic core-shell nanoparticles. Then immobilized Schiff baseof iron and vanadium complexes on magnetic core-shell nanoparticles was prepared as a recoverable magnetic nano catalysts. These catalysts were named Fe3O4@SiO2@L1@Fe, Fe3O4@SiO2@L2@Fe and Fe3O4@SiO2@L3@V. Furthermore,olefines epoxidation, sulfides and alcohols oxidation were studied with using iron and vanadium magnetic nano catalysts. The supported catalysts were characterized by atomic absorption, FT-IR and UV–Vis spectra.The catalytic performance of the synthesized iron catalyst was tested for the epoxidation of cyclohexene, styrene and...