Sharif Digital Repository

The technology world is developing fast with the developments made in the hardware and software areas. Considering that privacy and security of telemedicine applications are among the main necessities of this industry, as a result, there is a need to use lightweight and practical algorithms to be used in applications in the field of telemedicine, while security have the least negative impact. The distinct and contradicting components in the design and implementation of the cryptography algorithm, to achieve various objectives in medicine-based applications, have made it a complicated system. It is natural that, without identifying the components, indices, and properties of each system... 

Cryptography algorithms are a fundamental part of a cryptographic system that is designed and implemented to increase information security. They are the center of attention of experts in the information technology domains. Although the cryptography algorithms are implemented to attain the goals such as confidentially, integrity, and authenticity of designing, but other matters that must be noticed by designers include speed, resource consumption, reliability, flexibility, usage type, and so on. For the useful allocation of hardware, software, and human resources, it is important to identify the role of each of the factors influencing the design of cryptographic algorithms to invest in the... 

Targeted delivery by either passive or active targeting of therapeutics to the bone is an attractive treatment for various bone related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, multiple myeloma, and metastatic bone tumors. Engineering novel drug delivery carriers can increase therapeutic efficacy and minimize the risk of side effects. Developmnet of nanocarrier delivery systems is an interesting field of ongoing studies with opportunities to provide more effective therapies. In addition, preclinical nanomedicine research can open new opportunities for preclinical bone-targeted drug delivery; nevertheless, further research is needed to progress these therapies towards clinical... 

Targeted delivery by either passive or active targeting of therapeutics to the bone is an attractive treatment for various bone related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, multiple myeloma, and metastatic bone tumors. Engineering novel drug delivery carriers can increase therapeutic efficacy and minimize the risk of side effects. Developmnet of nanocarrier delivery systems is an interesting field of ongoing studies with opportunities to provide more effective therapies. In addition, preclinical nanomedicine research can open new opportunities for preclinical bone-targeted drug delivery; nevertheless, further research is needed to progress these therapies towards clinical... 

Co–Zr doped Ni ferrite substituted polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites were prepared using polymerization reaction method. NiFeCo0.5Zr0.5O4 with 12.5%, 25%, 37.5% and 50% PANI (A1, A2, A3 and A4) were used to obtain better photocatalytic efficiency. XRD, UV/VIS, BET, and FESEM were employed to characterize the PANI/ferrite nanocomposites. The effect of reaction time and nanoparticle concentrations on the photocatalytic degradation were thoroughly evaluated. XRD analysis confirmed the phase of NiFeCo0·5Zr0·5O4ferrite, while FESEM analysis was performed to investigate the surface morphology of the nanocomposites. The crystallinity was increased with the Co–Zr doped Ni ferrite contents in the... 

This paper introduces a new hybrid electro membrane bioreactor (HEMBR) for reverse osmosis (RO) pretreatment and advanced treatment of effluent by simultaneously integrating electrical coagulation (EC) with a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and its performance was compared with conventional MBR. Experimental results and their statistical analysis showed removal efficiency for suspended solids (SS) of almost 100% for both reactors. HEMBR removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) improved by 4% and membrane fouling was alleviated according to transmembrane pressure (TMP). The average silt density index (SDI) of HEMBR permeate samples was slightly better indicating less RO membrane fouling. Moreover,... 

The nanofibers prepared by electrospinning process have high potential for the removal of toxic matters from wastewaters. In the present study, the titanium dioxide and titanium dioxide/zinc oxide (TiO2/ZnO) nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technique were coated on the sewage sludge carbon (SSC) surface for adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewaters of Iran. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized using XRD, SEM and EDX analysis. The effect of adsorbent type, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial concentrations of Ni(II), Cu(II) and COD on the adsorption capacity of synthesized SSC/TiO2 and SSC/TiO2/ZnO nanofibrous adsorbents... 

The nanofibers prepared by electrospinning process have high potential for the removal of toxic matters from wastewaters. In the present study, the titanium dioxide and titanium dioxide/zinc oxide (TiO2/ZnO) nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technique were coated on the sewage sludge carbon (SSC) surface for adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II), and COD from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewaters of Iran. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized using XRD, SEM and EDX analysis. The effect of adsorbent type, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial concentrations of Ni(II), Cu(II) and COD on the adsorption capacity of synthesized SSC/TiO2 and SSC/TiO2/ZnO nanofibrous adsorbents... 

Self-organised and vertically oriented titanium oxide nanotube array (TNTA) has been synthesised by potentiostat anodisation of Ti foil in fluoride-based electrolyte. By varying the anodisation voltage from 8 V to 24 V it was possible to gradually change the topologies of nanotubes. The size of TNTAs was measured using SEM images and also determined based on a non-destructive optical method. In addition, photoelectrochemical properties of nanotubular TiO2/Ti electrodes were examined by anodic photocurrent response, potentiodynamic polarisation measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A general equivalent circuit model was proposed for photoelectrochemical system consists of... 

In present research six samples of nano X-type hexagonal ferrites with general formula SrBaMg2-xCoxDyyFe28-yO46 (x = 0–1; y = 0–0.1 with step size of 0.2 and 0.02, respectively) were synthesized by sol–gel technique. The temperature required for the phase formation of these materials was estimated using thermogravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the pure phase of the prepared materials up to the doping concentration of x = 0.4, y = 0.04 along with the second phase for higher doping concentration. The secondary phase appeared due to the solubility limit of higher ionic radius Dy3+ ions into the hexagonal lattice. The mean crystalline size decreased from 29 to 18 nm while... 

In this study, adsorption of important pollutant cations on the surface of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was investigated by density functional theory. The calculations indicated that N6 cavity surrounded by triazine units is the most probable adsorption site on this surface. The structural optimizations also predicted a planar surface for Cr3+, and Ni2+/g-C3N4 systems while the structure of the surface for other systems indicated a considerable distortion with strong dependency on the cation size. Also, g-C3N4 surface exhibited the high adsorption energies for Cr3+, As3+, and Sb3+ ions in the gas phase. However, formation energies of the metal-aquo complexes of these cations indicated... 

Emerging STT-MRAM memories are promising alternatives for SRAM memories to tackle their low density and high static power consumption, but impose high energy consumption for reliable read/write operations. However, absolute data integrity is not required for many approximate computing applications, allowing energy savings with minimal quality loss. This paper proposes QuARK, a hardware/software approach for trading reliability of STT-MRAM caches for energy savings in the on-chip memory hierarchy of multi- A nd many-core systems running approximate applications. In contrast to SRAM-based cache-way-level actuators, QuARK utilizes fine-grained cache-line-level actuation knobs with different... 

Recent research efforts were made to investigate botanical bactericides as an intervention tool for citrus canker. Five botanical extracts (Eruca vesicaria, Eucalyptus globulus, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Nigella sativa, and Citrullus colocynthis) were evaluated at three different concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%) against Xanthomonas citri pv. citri under in vitro conditions. Among all treatments, two effective plant extracts, alone and in combinations, were assessed at three different time points (7 days, 14 days, 21 days) under greenhouse conditions. In vitro and greenhouse experiments were conducted under a Completely Randomized Design. Results showed that C. colocynthis expressed... 

The structural and dielectric properties of Gadolinium substituted U-type hexaferrites (Sr4Zn2Fe36O60) were investigated. The samples were synthesized via the Sol-gel auto combustion route. In a muffle furnace, these samples were sintered for 5 h at 1250 °C. The pellets of synthesized powder samples were characterized by XRD, PL, Dielectric, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopies. Structural elucidation of Sr4Zn2Fe36-xGdxO60 was done via XRD. The obtained XRD patterns were matched with the prior literature. The impact of Gd3+ substitutions was measured on all the lattice parameters. Lattice constants “a" and “c" were found between 5.871 and 5.900 Å and 111.76–112.23 Å, respectively. The PL spectra... 

In this study, we introduce a solution to the SemEval 2024 Task 10 on subtask 1, dedicated to Emotion Recognition in Conversation (ERC) in code-mixed Hindi-English conversations. ERC in code-mixed conversations presents unique challenges, as existing models are typically trained on monolingual datasets and may not perform well on code-mixed data. To address this, we propose a series of models that incorporate both the previous and future context of the current utterance, as well as the sequential information of the conversation. To facilitate the processing of code-mixed data, we developed a Hinglish-to-English translation pipeline to translate the code-mixed conversations into English. We... 

Low back pain (LBP), the leading cause of disability worldwide, remains one of the most common and challenging problems in occupational musculoskeletal disorders. The effective assessment of LBP injury risk, and the design of appropriate treatment modalities and rehabilitation protocols, require accurate estimation of the mechanical spinal loads during different activities. This study aimed to: (1) develop a novel 2D beam-column finite element control-based model of the lumbar spine and compare its predictions for muscle forces and spinal loads to those resulting from a geometrically matched equilibrium-based model; (2) test, using the foregoing control-based finite element model, the... 

This study demonstrates a novel, facile and one-pot approach to synthesize silica nanoparticles with silver at core and crust (SiNP-AgCC). A modified Stöber method was used to make SiNP-AgCC. A significant reduction in the size of SiO2 nanoparticles was seen, with 2–5 nm AgNPs being uniformly distributed on the surface and 10–20 nm AgNPs in the center. A typical mesoporous SiO2 particle (SiNP) produced using the Stöber method was transformed to nanoporous SiO2 by this modified Stöber method. Nanoporous SiO2 particles with silver in the center are advantageous for slow and consistent Ag+ release, which was confirmed by Ag+ ion release test. Antibacterial activities of the samples were tested... 

A new di-manganese complex with "back-to-back" 1,4-bis(2,2′:6,2′′-terpyridin-4′-yl) benzene ligation has been synthesized and characterised by a variety of techniques. The back-to-back ligation presents a novel new mononuclear manganese catalytic centre that functions as a heterogeneous catalysis for the evolution of oxygen in the presence of an exogenous oxidant. We discuss the synthesis and spectroscopic characterizations of this complex and propose a mechanism for oxygen evolution activity of the compound in the presence of oxone. The di-manganese complex also shows efficient and selective catalytic oxidation of sulfides in the presence of H2O2. Density functional theory calculations were... 

Two enantiomerically pure chiral dioxidomolybdenum(VI) complexes (1 and 2) of the type [MoO2L] (L = dianionic, tetradentate ONNO-ligand) were synthesized and investigated in enantioselective oxidation reactions. The solid-state structures of complex 1 and 2, determined via single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed two fundamentally different coordination geometries: a C1-symmetric cis-β isomer (Λ-1), and a C2-symmetric cis-α isomer (Δ-2). In both cases, only one of the two possible helical enantiomers (Λ- or Δ-helix) was formed. The complexes were examined as precatalysts in the epoxidation of the challenging prochiral substrate trans-stilbene, using either tert-butyl hydroperoxide... 

In an era characterized by ever-increasing data exchange across different networks, the importance of robust network security measures cannot be overemphasized. Cryptographic algorithms, on the other hand, perform a vital role in imparting security to the sensitive information during transmission, with S-Boxes (Substitution Boxes) serving as a fundamental component of symmetric-key ciphers. This study has endeavored to engineer a novel S-Box algorithm to bolster the network security. Moreover, the core focus of the suggested algorithm lies in enhancing the confidentiality, defiance to nefarious designs of cryptanalysis savvy, and overall cryptographic strength of data encryption in network...