Sharif Digital Repository

Iranian women spend a lot of times in the kitchen area in order to have good effects on the family. Unfortunately, we see many of them are suffering from body injuries and particularly musculoskeletal disorders in their middle ages. Many factors cause such problems among which awkward postures are mentioned and with identifying these postures, corrective solutions could be proposed.In this study, firstly, relationship of body injuries with working in the kitchen area is considered, awkward postures are identified and expedient actions are suggested. The aim of this study is chosen designing a suitable task chair for kitchen among the proposed solutions. Then, chair specifications are... 

The identification of the poor and the elimination of their poverty always has been the subject of discussion among researchers and policymakers. Today, most researchers consider poverty as a multidimensional phenomenon, and in addition to income indicator, it has indicators related to the level of knowledge, awareness, well-being and the health of individuals. The study of multidimensional poverty and the search for the discovery of its static and dynamic relationship with income-based poverty is the subject of this research. The analysis shows that both statically and dynamically, there is a substantial mismatch in the identification of the poor households according to these two... 

Noise or noise pollution, is defined as an unwanted sound, produced mostly by motor vehicles in urban areas. If the noise exceeds its limit, adverse effects on users and citizens are expected. Thus the assessment of the noise level and its comparison with allowable values is mandatory. Traffic induced noise depends upon different factors such as traffic, weather, and, sound barriers. Noise pollution study has a long history all over the world. Many studies, mostly representing the outdoor noise pollution models, have been done in recent years. This paper presents an assessment of traffic-induced noise in a heavily traveled tunnel, locally referred to as Resalat tunnel, which is located in... 

Data collected from street networks show that travel time in urban street networks is a stochastic variable, whose range of variation increases with the congestion level. Work and school trips comprise the major part of morning peak volumes, whose common characteristic is that they need to be made on time. For this reason, these travelers are pessimistic in their route choice, and try to choose routes which are more reliable. Travel time standard deviation is one of the common measures for estimating travel time reliability that is related to properties of day-to-day travel time distribution on a particular route. Based on the empirical data collected from Tehran street network, this paper... 

With the advancement of automotive industry, the number of electronic systems that need to communicate with each other has increased. An effective strategy to meet these growing demands is using bus-based protocols, which can establish safe communication among numerous nodes with reasonable cost, weight, and space requirements. The objective of this thesis is the design and implementation of a transceiver based on the FlexRay protocol. The significance of this protocol lies in its ability to provide higher data transmission rates compared to other protocols like CAN and LIN, and its role as the foundational communication medium among various domains in modern vehicle architectures. In this... 

In this thesis, we introduce a novel Artificial Intelligence (AI) system inspired by the philosophical and psychoanalytical concept of imagination as a ``Re-construction of Experiences". Our AI system is equipped with an imagination-inspired module that bridges the gap between textual inputs and other modalities, enriching the derived information based on previously learned experiences. A unique feature of our system is its ability to formulate independent perceptions of inputs. This leads to unique interpretations of a concept that may differ from human interpretations but are equally valid, a phenomenon we term as ``Interpretable Misunderstanding". We employ large-scale models,... 

Quantum entanglement is an essential resource in quantum information processing, such as quantum communication and quantum computing. Although entanglement is critical for practical implementations in these fields, creating and transmitting entanglement without altering the states is challenging. External noise may destroy or weaken the entanglement. Consequently, there is a need for methods to improve entanglement. Entanglement distillation is an effort to address this issue. It is a process where, probabilistically, a smaller number of strongly entangled states are created from a fixed number of noisy entangled states. This process is carried out using only local operations and classical... 

In standard models, the demand function is considered to be independent from the supply function and the intersection of these curves is considered to determine the price and quantity in the market. The alternative model, called “inducement hypothesis”, describes how the supply side can persuade consumers through particular advices, induce demand for the provided services and though shift the demand curve; i.e. demand is not independent from supply. For the case of physicians, this hypothesis is known as “physician induced demand”. In fact, this theory describes the supply-side moral hazard in the production market. This hypothesis may have vast applications which are different from... 

In Economic literature, investigating effective determinants of driving offences is discussed in Economics of Crime. In this field the effect of economic and sometimes non-economic parameters on offences are investigated. Economics of Crime was introduced as a branch of economics after Becker (1968). Since then different studies have been done and many theories have been made to discuss the relation between economic Variables and crimes in the society. In this study we use a cross-province panel data of driving offences to investigate the Effective Determinants of these offences. The most important result is the deterring effect of the penalty. For example in the regression for the seventeen... 

This thesis aims to the study of quality-quantity trade off in the family through investigating the effects of family size and birth order on their educational attainment. The latter has been chosen as a criteria for measuring the quality; to measure the effects of quantity we have used the twins for the instrumental variable as an endogenous shock in the family size to reduce bias that happens as a result of omitted variables bias and to measure the effect of family size on it’s quality more accurately. We have also used censored regression to eliminate the bias of student children in the sample.In addition to concentrating on the differences between children of different family sizes we... 

In the past few decades a range of human capital theories were developed by economists. In all these, education and training are considered as a prominent aspect of the human capital. Among all influential factors on the education, the role of the family in the allocation of educational expenditure is one of the most important factors. In this research, we investigate whether in gendr discrimination among sibiling is observed in Iranian households. Based on household budget data, we estimate the Engel curve in order to investigate the gender discrimination in the allocation of educational expenditure. Families divided into 6 clusters based on the composition of their children and the tests... 

Auction literature and economic theories advocate common valuation among bidders in mineral rights auctions. In this study, we have tried to examine the assumption of common valuation between bidders in a first price sealed bid auction. It examines the common valuation hypothesis by assuming the information symmetry and the exogenous entry of bidders. The findings of this study suggest that bidders’ valuation in a first price sealed bid auction of natural resources may be private or common value. We use the non-parametric estimation model to find that after the federal government imposed Area-wide Leasing in the Gulf of Mexico, bidders’ valuations changed from private valuation to common... 

In this study we developed an analytical model to delve into the behavior of participants in the market of kidney in Iran. We get health as a good which not only elevates the utility of any individual, it add more years to each individual longevity. We find out that ESRD patients who are in serious need of receiving a new kidney will never postpone buying kidney in case of having the price fixed in all periods.We found out that the waiting time in queue of receiving market is a u-shape function in which there is a minimum. We proved that the price making the queue minimum is definitely bigger than the market clearance market. Accordingly, despite all the unfair and immoral view toward... 

With the augmenting of contaminant gas pollution and the aggravation of the greenhouse effect, global warming has become an international issue. Protection of the environment and the health of the citizens have been a concern for civil engineers all the time. One of the most common building materials in civil engineering is cementitious concrete which emits a tremendous amount of carbon dioxide in its’ production and consumption prosses in the air. In recent decades, geopolymer concrete has been introduced as a cleaner material for substitution with cementitious concrete. The current study investigates the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of blast furnace slag-based geopolymer... 

In this research, non-isothermal annealing process at temperatures ranging between 400°C to 830 °C was investigated in warm and cold-rolled austenitic stainless steel 304L. First, the wide variety of austenitic to martensitic structure was produced by the multi-pass rolling process at room temperature -8 °C, 200 °C, and 280°C. The n exponent in Olson-Cohen equation was governed 2.83 after non-linear curve fitting to assess the fraction of deformation-induced martensite as a function of strain. Afterward, Abaqus/Explicit method was utilized to achieve the stored energy and plastic strains distribution through the thickness. Then, Cellular automata and Galerkin-finite element models were...