Sharif Digital Repository

In this study, with the aim of developing a cost-effective SAPO-34 catalyst based on kaolin and evaluating the effect of synthesis conditions on its performance in the methanol-to-light-olefins (MTO) process, a hydrothermal synthesis route was designed and implemented. Three key factors—gel aging time, calcination temperature for converting kaolin to metakaolin, and the percentage of seed added to the gel—were selected as influential variables. SAPO-34 was synthesized using kaolin as the precursor, with morpholine and tetraethylammonium hydroxide employed as structure-directing agents. The resulting samples were characterized in terms of structural properties and catalytic performance to... 

It is very common to use moment frame system in earthquake-prone areas in the two main directions of buildings. This system is very popular among architects due to the creation of unobstructed openings between the columns and the possibility of using openings in them.The column is one of the main components in the design of orthogonal moment frame systems and plays an important role in the performance of this system. The columns that are in the two main directions of the intersection of two moment frame systems, due to the existence of the 30-100 rule in seismic design regulations, must be able to withstand 100% of the design earthquake force in one direction and 30% of the same force in the... 

Previously, numerous studies were carried out on the shear walls and important information are available in various fields, including wall design with various sections, wall design in areas with high seismicity risk, issues related to the reinforcement of boundary element and etc. In the design codes of reinforced concrete structures in the field of seismic design, some criteria for reinforcement of boundary element in the walls were conducted, but these codes do not answer to designers to arrange the wall with or without eccentricity with respect to column or the effect of separation of wall from the column. Due to the fact that we have a powerful software such as ETABS, design of shear... 

Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) is new branch of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). UWSNs are considerably different from ground base or terrestrial sensor networks in many aspects. These new features bring many challenges to the network architecture or protocol design of UWSNs. This kind of sensor networks has been proposed to detection, monitoring, protecting the oceans as oceanographic data collector, pollution monitoring, offshore exploration, disaster prevention, assisted navigation and tactical surveillance applications. The different characteristics of UWSN and trade off between UWSN and WSN have been discussed in many researches. Here we aim to propose a new architecture for very large... 

Distillation is the most applied unit in the separation processess of the oil and gas industries. Because the distillation process requires energy in the form of the utilities, integration of heat pump systems in the distillation process as an application of these systems is considered in this research. A new and effective methodology of proper integrating of heat pump and distillation columns has been proposed by collecting thermodynamic and thermoeconomic tools. Then, this procedure has been applied on the ethane recovery and NGL fractionation units of 4 & 5 phases of the south pars field. The exergy analysis of the distillation columns is the first step of this methodology as the... 

Troposphere layer includes complex flows which their effects in acoustic sensors are indicated as acoustic wave noise.It is essential to analyze these complex flows to recognize how to reduce the noise. In this thesis we have perused and modeled the sound wave propagation in troposphere layer.Given data are some thermal and velocity profiles of atmospheric flowsthe assumptions are: 1- gravity waves are negligible, 2- air density depends only on altitude, 3- sound waves parabolic equation assumptions are applied. Our goal Is to find the sound pressure level originated from a sound source in troposphere layer.This thesis emphasizes on analysis, recognition and modeling of the problem. Main...