Sharif Digital Repository

Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs), coupling photocatalysts and membranes in a single system, have shown a considerable potential to reduce membrane fouling, which is one of the major drawbacks of using membranes to treat water and wastewater. In this study, the visible light-activated photocatalysts were incorporated into the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) casting solution to synthesize the photocatalytic composite membranes. The physicochemical properties and the morphology of the membranes and photocatalysts were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance... 

The effectiveness and reducibility of the methane combustion kinetic mechanisms were examined for the TPOX process in a porous medium. To this end, TPOX was successfully simulated using ANSYS CHEMKIN-Pro through a reactor network model composed of perfectly stirred and honeycomb-monolith reactors. The efficacy of six chemical kinetic mechanisms was compared for the equivalence ratios (ERs) ranging from 2.4 to 2.6 with a constant thermal load of 1540 kW/m2. This comparison revealed that Konnov was the most successful mechanism in the prediction of the H2 and CO mole fractions. This mechanism along with the GRI-3.0 and USC-Mech 2.0 mechanisms were then reduced by the direct relation graph with... 

Electrocoagulation (EC) is an effective process to treat oily wastewater. However, the optimal conditions required to design a continuous EC reactor are still unclear. In this study, an experimental and statistical investigation was performed on the factors affecting the design of a continuous EC reactor used for the removal of oily contaminants. By employing the response surface methodology (RSM), the oil removal efficiency and specific energy consumption (energy consumption per unit volume of treated wastewater) were modeled as a function of three factors, i.e. the current density (30–80 A/m2), the reactor residence time (10–30 min), and the ratio of the anode surface to the reactor volume... 

In order to produce an inexpensive catalyst for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS), zeolitized high silicon fly ash utilized as a catalytic support for cobalt nanoparticles. The ability of this new support in proper hosting of nanoparticles studied through various characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopic and temperature-programmed reduction. In addition, the catalytic properties for the FTS evaluated at 523 K and 20 MPa. The obtained results show remarkable influence of utilized support specifications upon the formation and catalytic behavior of cobalt nanoparticles in the FTS  

High silicon fly ash (HSFA) utilized as a source of silicon in synthesizing of Na-A, -X and -Y zeolites through alkali fusion followed by hydrothermal treatment at 100 °C for 12 h. Various types of zeolites with different degrees of purity were prepared by changing Si/Al ratio of the reaction mixture from 1.6 to 3.0. In addition, exact boundaries of this ratio for synthesis of each zeolite type were determined. Furthermore, the effect of NaOH amount utilized in alkaline fusion step on crystalinity of samples investigated. The synthesized zeolites were characterized using various techniques including; XRD, TGA, FTIR, SEM and BET. The ion-exchange behaviors of zeolitic samples tested with... 

The importance of the gas-to-liquid process is increasing due to growing demand for a high quality, less expensive, and cleaner fuel. Faujasite zeolites, e.g,. zeolites type X and Y, are well-known catalysts in the petrochemical industry. Faujasitic supports (mainly X zeolites) were prepared via hydrothermal synthesis with different Si/Al ratios from pure chemical materials and fly ash as a source of silicon. A high quantity of cobalt oxides was deposited on supports by varying samples Si/Al ratios during the zeolite preparation procedure. Using fly ash in synthesizing the zeolitic support resulted in a A-X zeolite material with a very high cation exchange capability and final cobalt... 

The effect of moisture on Shengli lignite breakage behavior and energy efficiency was studied experimentally using a standard Hardgrove mill fitted with a wattmeter. The grinding process concerned both the inputs, namely the occurrence and content of water and instantaneous energy consumption and the outputs, size-reduction and product fineness. Results show that the energy-size reduction process for grinding lignite is markedly influenced by moisture occurrence and content. Removing surface moisture from 37.90% to 16.61% (the air-dried condition) resulted in a slight increase of input energy by 0.04 kWh.t−1 per 10 s. However, with further drying inherent moisture to 0%, the consumed energy... 

An indirect colorimetric method is presented for spectrophotometric determination of hydrazine, phenylhydrazine, and isoniazid. Reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by these analytes as active reducing agents in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and also cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) as a stabilizer is the basis of the proposed method. The changes in plasmon absorbance of the AgNPs at λ = 415 nm in the presence of PVP were proportional to concentration of hydrazine, phenylhydrazine, and isoniazid in the ranges of 4.0-150.0 μM, 1.0-55.0 μM, and 2.0-30.0 μM, respectively, and the detection limit obtained was 0.79 μM. In the presence of CTAC, the linear... 

This paper provides a perspective on the current knowledge and potential areas of future research related to electrostatics in fluidized beds. Aspects addressed include characterization techniques, charge generation and dissipation mechanisms, interplay between the electrostatics and hydrodynamics, charge control methods, applications of tribo-electrostatic fluidization systems, and computational simulations which account for electrostatic charges. This is a complex research field involving fluid mechanics, powders and electrical physics, with potential rewards in terms of safety, process monitoring and new applications. © 2018 Elsevier B.V  

This paper provides a perspective on the current knowledge and potential areas of future research related to electrostatics in fluidized beds. Aspects addressed include characterization techniques, interplay between electrostatics and hydrodynamics, charge control methods, applications of tribo-electrostatic fluidization systems, and computational simulations which account for electrostatic forces, as well as other forces. This is a complex research field involving fluid mechanics, powders, and electrical physics. © 2021 CFB 2021 - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Technology. All rights reserved