Sharif Digital Repository

This research deals with the joint problem of reopening the roads closed after a disastrous natural event and the damaged area relief programming. While these two problems are connected to each other by the joint resources of ruins and debris removal, they are usually treated separately in the literature, and their solutions are sought in practice by the art of experienced authorities. This study formulates a dynamic tri-level integer programming problem to represent the two problems of Road Reopening and Relief, in which the crisis manager has the objective of minimizing the death tolls over a planning time interval. It identifies the roads for reopening at the first level; and the second... 

The aim of this thesis is to review the spin systems with cluster-type inter-actions. We restrict our attention to one dimentional and exactly solvable models. By "exactly solvable models",we mean the systems which can be mapped to free fermionic systems by Jordan-Wigner transformation.In 2nd chapter we introduce one of the simplest spin systems with cluster-type intraction, the cluster Ising model, and completely derive its statis-tics[10].In chapter 3, we present a classification of topologic phases which can oc-cur in free fermionic gapped systems. This classification is based on sym-metries. Also we'll see that with the help of topological invariants, one can diagnose different... 

Nowadays, methods based on deep learning networks are the most effective artificial in­ telligence methods. Although they have achieved success in various fields (such as machine vision and object recognition), practical and experimental cases show the fragility of deep learning networks against perturbations and unwanted changes of the input pattern. All these perturbations must be in a way that the main class of the perturbed input pattern can be rec­ ognized by human, but the network makes a mistake in recognizing its correct class. This thesis seeks a more accurate evaluation by designing adversarial attacks such that the main class of the adversarial pattern is detectable by human...