Sharif Digital Repository

Understanding the flow of liquids and particularly water in nanochannels is important for scientific and technological applications, such as for filtration and drug delivery. In this study, we perform molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the transfer of single-file water molecules across straight or nonstraight single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). In contrast with the macroscopic scenario, the nonstraight nanostructure can increase the water permeation. Remarkably, compared with the straight SWCNT, the nonstraight SWCNT with the minimal bending angle of 30° in the simulations can enhance the water transport up to 3.9 times. Also increasing length and diameter of carbon nanotubes... 

The possibility of time travel in modern physics based on the theory of relativity has led to the study of this issue from various aspects. In this research, the metaphysical possibility of time travel will be examined and therefore its physical and technological possibility is out of the subject of this research. Metaphysical possibility is also considered to mean the compatibility of time travel with the laws of metaphysics. The metaphysical possibility of time travel is challenged by the paradoxes that arise from it. These paradoxes, despite their great diversity, fall into four general categories: Temporal Paradoxes, The paradoxes of freedom, The paradoxes of Causal, and The paradoxes of... 

In this thesis I evaluate two rival accounts: the knowledge norm of assertion and the justification norm of assertion. The former posits that “S has warrant to assert P iff S knows P”, while the latter states that “S has warrant to assert P iff S justifiedly believes (or has justification for believing) P”. I conduct this evaluation by assessing their explanatory power in two types of cases. First, I examine cases that are allegedly evidence for the knowledge norm, such as: lottery cases, Moorean cases, and challenges. In this thesis I argue that justification norm can also account for these cases. Second, I consider cases that are purported counterexamples to the knowledge norm, such as:... 

The debate over political philosophy has resurfaced five decades after the publication of John Rawls' famous book on the theory of justice. In that book, Rawls criticizes perfectionist states, And considers a state just that leaves the perfection and goodness of human beings to the citizens themselves. And the state can not be the final arbiter and interferor in the good and perfection of the citizens, and the state should never be one-sided in this conflict between the various opinions of the people about the good. Therefore, the state should only provide the means for citizens to be able to pursue their good deeds freely and equally, which is what Rawls calls the precedence of the right... 

Knowledge was traditionally understood as a one-sided foundation for all political action and, consequently, for political power. Since the late nineteenth century, however, it has been argued that political power and action also influence knowledge—and it was even suggested that power is, in fact, the sole factor shaping knowledge. Prominent advocates of this idea, such as Michel Foucault and Friedrich Nietzsche—whose thoughts profoundly influenced Foucault—employed the method of genealogy to examine historical case studies in an attempt to substantiate this claim. Yet, a critical examination of their arguments reveals that genealogy cannot support such a universal assertion. Hence, it is... 

The research examines the influence of Kant’s practical philosophy on John Rawls’ theory of justice, under the concept of “autonomy”. In the initial chapter, foundational concepts of the study such as “autonomy” and “duty” are discussed in detail within the context of prevailing views in moral philosophy, particularly deontological ethics. The overarching idea of this chapter is to establish a general conceptual framework for posing the main research question. The second chapter of this research specifically and independently elucidates Kant’s practical philosophy and clarifies his interpretation of the concept of “autonomy”. The aim of structuring this chapter is to demonstrate that... 

This thesis investigates the capability of microwave imaging for monitoring tissue temperature during hyperthermia treatment for cancer. Hyperthermia is a complementary cancer therapy in which the temperature of the cancerous region is purposefully increased to enhance the effectiveness of primary treatments such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy. However, the unintentional heating of adjacent healthy tissues and the potential for damage pose significant challenges to the practical application of this method. Consequently, the development of methods for precise and continuous monitoring of tissue temperature during treatment is of critical importance. In this study, microwave tomography is... 

Black holes are theoretically significant because they are (ideal) entities fully described by just three properties: mass, charge, and spin. Their importance also stems from their unique status as spacetime entities with universal properties, including the event horizon and—when including the singularity—representing the boundary of space and time. Beyond their spacetime properties, black holes are also thermodynamic systems. Their behavior requires a theory that integrates both spacetime and thermodynamics. A black hole is something that requires both a theory of spacetime and a theory of thermodynamics to describe and explain its behavior. A consistent description of time, spacetime, and... 

Knowing different groups of customers and building effective communication with them in such a way as to guarantee the future economic interests of the organization is a very important issue in today's businesses. The attraction of profitable customers, as well as the preservation of valuable old customers, are both important, except for the precise identification of their features. The value of customer longevity plays an important role in customer segmentation, and there are numerous researches that focuses on customer value with the aim of making more profit for the organization, most of which have life-cycle customer value models as the main inputs for segmentation cCustomers have been... 

There has been a noticable surge in the usage of machine learning techniques in various fields, such as security related fields. With this growing pace of using machine learning to solve various problems, securing these models against attackers has become one of the main topics of machine learning literatures. Recent work has shown that in an adversarial environment, machine learning models are vulernable, and attackers can create carefully crafted inputs to fool the models. With the advent of deep neural networks, many researchers have used deep neural networks for the task of malware detection, and they have achieved impresive results. Finding the vulnerlabilities of these models is an... 

Identification protocols facilitates two participants A and B to identify themselves to each other. Beside identification, A and B can exchange a secret value along with the identification process as the key exchange identification protocol.A secure key exchange identification protocol hould utilize perfect forward secrecy (PFS) property. PFS means if an attacker could compromise an entity in future and gain its long-term key, he cannot succeed to extract previous session keys. So, he will be unable to decrypt previous messages and they will remain secure. Because of the low power and storage of light devices, updating secret shared keys is a solution to reach PFS in such protocols. A major... 

In this thesis ship propeller performance in maneuvering conditions have been investigated which means an oblique flow condition for working propeller. Then results of these investigations have been put to use to simulate maneuvering using MMG equations. These calculations have been done to investigate nominal wake variations in different drift angles and depth conditions. In this project displacement vessel KVLCC2 and propeller POTSDAM VP1304 have been studied due to the abundance of experimental data. Calculations in this study have been carried in three steps: 1, calculation of nominal wake of the vessel in different drift angles and depths via CFD. 2, Using the results of previous...