Sharif Digital Repository

The study aimed to investigate the most effective leadership style that enhances the employees’ performance at the workplace and also evaluate the impact of leadership styles (Laissez-faire leadership, Transformational leadership, Transactional leadership,) on employees’ performance in the textile sector of Pakistan. The study explored the moderating role of Positive psychological capital to examine the relationship between leadership styles and employee performance. A quantitative research technique was used, and Data were collected from the lower to middle-level manager of the textile sector. The findings of this study showed that laissez-faire leadership has a significant but negative... 

The purpose of the paper is to develop a mathematical foundation for exploring the complex interaction of Coriolis and Lorentz forces with the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow of a power-law fluid inside a microchannel with wall slip condition. Both the Lorentz and Coriolis forces act orthogonally to each other. Mathematical modeling of the problem is based on a set of classical Maxwell and Navier–Stokes equations, which are subsequently solved numerically by employing an implicit finite difference methodology. The numerical solution thus obtained has been found to be in an excellent agreement correlation with the ones reported in the scientific literature, for some limiting cases. A... 

The heat transfer Magnetohydrodynamics flows have been potentially used to enhance the thermal characteristics of several systems such as heat exchangers, electromagnetic casting, adjusting blood flow, X-rays, magnetic drug treatment, cooling of nuclear reactors, and magnetic devices for cell separation. Our concern in this article is to numerically investigate the flow of an incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics micropolar fluid with heat transportation through a channel having porous walls. By employing the suitable dimensionless coordinates, the flow model equations are converted into a nonlinear system of dimensionless ordinary differential equations, which are then numerically treated for... 

Vortices grab the attention of many scientists while analyzing any flow model due to their importance in interpreting fluid mixing and mass transport phenomena. Since vortices exist in the natural environment, so researchers need to investigate them whenever they are encountered. Solar collectors, automobile cooling, engine applications, thermal management, and machine cutting, are just a few of the major areas in which most hybrid nanofluids could help to improve overall performance. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the highly complex dynamics of a Lorentz force, which governs the rotation of nanoparticles and the composition of the complex configuration of eddies inside the fluid... 

Short-term hydrothermal scheduling (STHTS) is a highly non-linear, multi-model, non-convex, and multi-dimensional optimization problem that has been worked upon for about 5 decades. Many research articles have been published in solving different test cases of STHTS problem, while establishing the superiority of one type of optimization algorithm over the type, in finding the near global best solution of these complex problems. This paper presents the implementation of an improved version of a variant of the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO), known as Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) on three benchmark test cases of STHTS problems. The adaptive and variable nature of... 

Short term hydrothermal scheduling (STHTS) is a non-linear, multi-modal and very complex constrained optimization problem which has been solved using several conventional and modern metaheuristic optimization algorithms. A number of research articles have been published addressing STHTS using different techniques. This article presents a comprehensive review of research published for solving the STHTS problem in the last four decades. © 2013 IEEE  

Nano-fluids have considerable importance in the field of thermal development that relates to several industrial systems. There are some key applications in recent construction systems flow, as well as microscale cooling gadgets and microstructure electric gadgets for thermal migration. The current investigation concludes the study of electrically conducting nano-fluid flow and heat transfer analysis in two-dimensional boundary layer flow over a curved extending surface in the coexisting of magnetic field, heat generation and thermal radiation. The small sized particles of copper (Cu) are taken as nanoparticles and water is assumed to be the base fluid. We used quasi-linearization and central... 

Mango fruit borer (MFB) is a significant pest that damages mango fruits and leaves. This study explores farmers’ perceptions of the mango fruit borer and evaluates management practices. Survey findings indicated that 48% of mango growers believed MFB attacks occur during April-May, while 30% identified May-June as the peak season. Additionally, 84% of mango growers believed MFB affects fruits, while only 2% think it also targeted leaves. Most mango growers (78%) preferred chemical methods to manage MFB, with 40% using bifenthrin, 28% using emamectin benzoate, and only 8% applying imidacloprid. Experiments evaluating MFB’s preference for different mango varieties revealed that nearly all... 

Ternary hybrid nanofluids possess several potential applications in the modern science beyond just the heat transfer efficiency. A continuous research and advancements on binary and ternary hybrid nanofluids might lead towards new developments in many technological and scientific zones. Ongoing research interprets and distinguishes the novel attributes of the sodium alginate (Na.C6H7O6) based unary, binary and ternary nanofluids through a porous medium under induced magnetic field environment. The nano-composition of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) with silver (Ag) and molybdenum dioxide (MoS2) gives rise to the binary (SWCNT-Ag/Na.C6H7O6) and ternary hybrid (SWCNT-Ag-MoS2/Na.C6H7O6)... 

The pertinence and importance of Darcy-Forchheimer flows can be found in large spectrum of engineering, biological and technological mechanisms like solar absorption and filtration, drainage problems, solar cells, ground stream hydrology, solar panels, irrigation and so forth. The major concern of this study is to interpret that how much a Darcy-Forchheimer flow of a micro-structured fluid (e.g., micropolar fluid) within a channel is influenced by the combined effects of static and oscillatory pressure gradients. Numerical treatment is carried out via three steps explicit Runge-Kutta method. Impacts of the preeminent parameters on the flow, mass and heat transport features of the problem are... 

The term "vortex" refers to a region in a fluid where the flow spin around an axis line, which could be flat or curved. Vortices can twist, stretch, move, and interact in several situations, once they are formed. The angular and linear momentum, along with some energy and mass, are all noticeable in a rotating vortex. Descriptions of vortices developed in various flows include smoke rings, dust devils, cyclones, and the wind surrounding a tropical tornado. The existence of vortices in the natural environment makes it important for researchers to explore them when and wherever they are encountered. Magnetic field effects include numerous technical applications such as: B. Extraction of... 

Estimating the process capability index (PCI) for non-normal processes has been discussed by many researches. There are two basic approaches to estimating the PCI for non-normal processes. The first commonly used approach is to transform the non-normal data into normal data using transformation techniques and then use a conventional normal method to estimate the PCI for transformed data. This is a straightforward approach and is easy to deploy. The alternate approach is to use non-normal percentiles to calculate the PCI. The latter approach is not easy to implement and a deviation in estimating the distribution of the process may affect the efficacy of the estimated PCI. The aim of this... 

To compensate for drag increment due to the addition of nanoparticles to heat-transfer fluids, it seems that one could add drag reducer polymeric agents to these fluids. So, in this work, experiments were carried out for solutions of two types of polyacrylamide (FLOPAAM 3330S and FLOPAAM 3630S) at three distinct concentrations (25, 40, and 55 ppm), and TiO2-water nanofluid at concentrations of 0.015, 0.02, 0.025, and 0.03 L/L. The steady state turbulent convective heat transfer and the friction factor of the suspension of TiO2 in a dilute solution of very high molecular weight, polyacrylamide (hybrid fluid), in a coiled tube were analyzed. Experimental measurements were carried out from a... 

Flows involving two disks have significant applications in heat exchangers, rotating machinery parts, data storage devices, oceanography and viscometers. In this investigation, heat and mass transfer characteristics are examined in Casson flow between two orthogonally moving disks, with nonlinear thermal radiation under the slip and convective conditions, using the powerful tool of similarity transformation. A MATLAB code, based on quasi-linearization, has been developed for the numerical study. It is observed that, when the disks are receding, the disk expansion ratio raises the velocity profile near the center of the region between the two disks. The trend is, however, reversed when the... 

Purpose: This paper explores the experiences and strategies that have emerged from an Islamic university in Brunei Darussalam in its efforts to adapt to the new normal. It aims to provide a comprehensive post COVID-19 teaching and learning strategies framework and understand how the principles of Islam can be harmonised with modern practices, offering valuable lessons for educational institutions worldwide. Design/methodology/approach: The study employed a three-fold methodology. Initially, the authors conducted a comprehensive review of the post-COVID-19 experiences within Islamic universities. Subsequently, they administered a structured questionnaire to academic staff and students at an... 

In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that combines color and texture information of skin with cellular learning automata to segment skin-like regions in color images. First, the presence of skin colors in an image is detected, using a committee structure, to make decision from several explicit boundary skin models. Detected skin-color regions are then fed to a color texture extractor that extracts the texture features of skin regions via their color statistical properties and maps them to a skin probability map. Cellular learning automatons use this map to make decision on skin-like regions. The proposed algorithm has demonstrated true positive rate of about 83.4% and false positive... 

Sustainable technologies are the main concerns of the 21st century modified oilfield industries. The insufficiency of conventional drilling fluid formulations with a combination of hardly degradable hazardous chemicals as additives raise the demands of field-applicable innovative and environmentally friendly methods. Pistachio Shell discards as degradable wastes, which can intellectually apply in drilling fluid formulation. The experimental oilfield investigations of utilizing pistachio shell powder prove the significant enhancement of rheological properties, reduction of fluid loss and mud cake thickness in both API (Low Pressure —Low Temperature) and High Pressure—High Temperature (HPHT)... 

Understanding the population growth patterns of Spodoptera exigua on alternate host plants can provide valuable information for developing an effective pest management program. In this study, using age-specific lifetable indices, we evaluated the role of alternate crops commonly found in cotton agroecosystem of Pakistan to better understand population dynamics of S. exigua. The longest larval and pupal periods (16.35 and 9.95days, respectively) were observed on spinach, while the shortest periods were recorded on okra (13 days) and cauliflower (8.4 days), respectively. Relatively more female moths (61%) were produced on spinach with low rm (0.095) and λ (1.0997) while highest rm (0.120) and... 

Understanding the population growth patterns of Spodoptera exigua on alternate host plants can provide valuable information for developing an effective pest management program. In this study, using age-specific lifetable indices, we evaluated the role of alternate crops commonly found in cotton agroecosystem of Pakistan to better understand population dynamics of S. exigua. The longest larval and pupal periods (16.35 and 9.95days, respectively) were observed on spinach, while the shortest periods were recorded on okra (13 days) and cauliflower (8.4 days), respectively. Relatively more female moths (61%) were produced on spinach with low rm (0.095) and λ (1.0997) while highest rm (0.120) and... 

Gender-based discrimination remains a pervasive issue despite gender equality being recognised as a fundamental human right. In Southeast Asia, where over two hundred and forty million Muslims reside, the challenge of gender discrimination continues to affect women, although Islam serves as the predominant religion. This study examines the policy and legal reforms adopted by Islamic nations in Southeast Asia—Specifically Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Thailand (Southern Thailand), and the Philippines—in their effort to combat gender discrimination. This research mainly aims to assess the effectiveness of these reforms in addressing both legal frameworks and cultural practices that contribute...